UNSTAMPED ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS: IMPLICATIONS ON THEIR ENFORCEABILITY
Unstamped arbitration agreements are not enforceable in law, and failure to pay the requisite stamp duty can have serious implications on the enforceability of the agreement. The recent decision by the Supreme Court in Civil Appeal No(s). 3802-3803 of 2020 N.N. Global Mercantile Private Limited Versus Indo Unique Flame Ltd. & Ors. has clarified the legal position on the enforceability of unstamped arbitration agreements. The Court held that an instrument, which is exigible to stamp duty, such as an arbitration agreement, cannot be said to be enforceable if it is not stamped or is insufficiently stamped. This decision has far-reaching implications on the enforceability of unstamped agreements containing arbitration clauses, and has redefined the legal position on this issue. Section 2(h) of the Contract Act defines a contract as an agreement enforceable by law, while Section 2(g) defines an agreement as a promise or set of promises enforceable by law. An unstamped agreement, the